EIP-712: Typed Structured Data Hashing and Signing
EIP-712 is the standard for secure off-chain message signing used in permit() flows, meta-transactions, and Sign-In with Ethereum. Prevents blind signing attacks.
What It Defines
Defines a standard for hashing and signing typed structured data (not just arbitrary bytes). Enables human-readable signing prompts in wallets showing the actual data being signed, not a hash.
Canonical (Normative)
Convenient (Practical)
The Ethereum community's open process for proposing changes to the protocol. EIPs cover core protocol changes; ERCs (Ethereum Request for Comments) cover application-layer standards like token interfaces.
Related Specs
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ERC-20 is the most widely deployed standard in the Ethereum ecosystem. Every DeFi integration, exchange, and wallet interacts with ERC-20 tokens constantly.
All Ethereum JSON-RPC APIs (Infura, Alchemy, local nodes, MetaMask) use JSON-RPC 2.0. You need to know the protocol to interact with EVM chains.